Chapter 48

Task Analysis

Janice Redish
Redish & Associates

Dennis Wixon
Microsoft

 

Outline

Defining Task Analysis

Task Analysis = The Entire Front-End, Predesign Process

Task Analysis = One Element of the Front-End Process

Task Analysis = Many Techniques That Come Into Play at Different Times During the Design and Development Process

Task Analysis = One Element of the Postdesign Process

Task Analysis in This Chapter

Considering Four Principles That Underlie Our View of Task Analysis

Task Analysis Is an Integral Part of a Broader Analysis

Task Analysis Includes Understanding Users’ Goals

Starting With Task Analysis as Independent of Any Speci?c Device

Task Analysis Is Relevant at all Stages of the Process

Practical Reality Impinges on What We Actually Do

Planning for a Task Analysis (Issues to Consider)

Getting Into the Project Plan

Getting Sign-Off and Meeting Schedules

Providing Useful and Usable Data

Deciding What the Project Team Needs

Deciding on an Appropriate Level of Granularity

Deciding Where to Start

Gathering Reusable Data

Going to Different Users at Different Times

Collecting Task Analysis Data

A Bit of History

Preparing Philosophically to Work With Users

Selecting Users and Environments

Conducting Site Visits

Bringing Users to You (Field Studies in the Lab)

Analyzing and Presenting the Data

Analyzing the Data

Presenting the Data

Selecting Users and Environments

Considering Task Analysis at Different Stages

Strategic Planning and Predesign Stages

Information Architecture and Concept Design Stages

Interface Design and Early Prototypes Stages

Conclusions

References

 

Figures

Figure 48.1: In Triangulating information about users, tasks, and users’ environments.

Figure 48.2: Donald Norman ’s view of how people get things done (1998,p.48)

Figure 48.3: An abstract illustration of an affinity diagram in progress.

Figure 48.4: A partial example of results from an affinity diagram.

Figure 48.5: Ellen’s appointment book as an example of an artifact.

Figure 48.6: Part of a flow diagram to present task analysis data.

Figure 48.7: An example of one type of persona (user profile).

Figure 48.8: An example of a scenario.

Figure 48.9: Part of a sequence diagram.