Hidekazu Yoshikawa
Kyoto Univesity
Introduction
Basic Knowledge Required for Human Modeling in HCI
Generic Characteristics of Human Cognitive Processing at the Interface Level
Basic Characteristics of the Human Memory System
Control Model of Human Information Processing
Balance Sheet of the Human Cognitive System
Modeling Human Information Processing Behavior With the Human-Computer Interfaces and Human Error
Human-Computer Interface and Human Error
How a Human Views the Human-Computer Interface
Three Operator Cognitive Modes at the Interface Level
Human Error and the Generic Error Modeling System (GEMS) Dynamics Model
Conceptual Framework of Modeling Human Behavior at the Interface Level
Methods of Human Modeling by Computer Simulation
Necessary Components of a Computerized Human Model for Engineering Application
Process Model
Knowledge Model
Control Model
Implementation of Human Modeling into Computers
Observation and State Recognition
Implementation of Control Model
Implementation Method of Interpretation and Planning
Human-Environment Interaction
Application fo Human Modeling for HCI
Simulation of Human-Machine Interactions for Process Control
Objective of System Development
Overall Configuration of SEAMAID
Human-Machine Interface Simulator
Validation of the Human Model
Industrial Application of SEAMAID
Introduction to the Education and Training Environment
Personified Interface Agents and Future Trends
Virtual Collaborator: Constituents for the Personified Interface Agent
Future Prospects of the Virtual Collaborator
References
Figure 6.1: Model of human information processor by Card et al. (1983).
Figure 6.2: Model of human information system by J. Rasmussen.
Figure 6.3: Multiladder model of human cognitive process by J. Rasmussen.
Figure 6.4: Fuzzy picture of elderly woman and young lady.
Figure 6.5: Three different ways of how the instruments are perceived by the operator.
Figure 6.6: Operator’s three behavior modes by J. Rasmussen.
Figure 6.7: GEMS dynamic model by Embrey &Reason (1986)
Figure 6.8: Comprehensive scheme of human error at human–machine interface.
Figure 6.9: Conceptual framework of human cognitive model at human–machine interface.
Figure 6.10: Three elements in the human model.
Figure 6.11: Membership functions for qualitative interpretation of observed information.
Figure 6.12: Configuration of blackboard system.
Figure 6.13: Simulation framework for human –environment inter-action.
Figure 6.14: Overall configuration of SEAMAID system.
Figure 6.15: Configuration of man–machine interface simulator as an icon-based, object-oriented database. P&ID = piping and instrumentation diagram.
Figure 6.16: Computer implementation of human environment interaction in SEAMAID. MMI = man–machine interface.
Figure 6.17: Conceptual framework of operator model in SEAMAID. PWM = peripheral working memory; LTM = long-term memory; FWM = focal working memory; AI = artificial intelligence; P&ID = piping and instrumentation diagram.
Figure 6.18: Intercomparison of time vs. reliability curves for LOCA event between simulation and experiment.
Figure 6.19: Configuration of experiential computed-assisted instruction system by virtual reality (VR).
Figure 6.20: Software configuration of VENUS system.
Figure 6.21: Simulation results of virtual operator’s behavior in the virtual control room.
Figure 6.22: Image of mutual communication between virtual collaborator and real human operator.
Figure 6.23: Research framework toward virtual reality-based simulation of human–machine interaction. FWM = focal working memory; PWM = peripheral working memory; LWM = long-term working memory; LTM = long-term memory.
Figure 6.24: Image of mutual communication between human and machine in the age of information technology in the 21st century.